Jet e-fuel — or e-SAF (electro-Sustainable Aviation Fuel) — is a synthetic kerosene produced by the Power-to-Liquid (PtL) process. It is chemically identical to conventional Jet-A1 kerosene and can be blended up to 50% without any aircraft or engine modification under the ASTM D7566 Annex 6 certification standard.
The production process: renewable electricity splits water into hydrogen (H₂) via electrolysis. The H₂ is combined with CO₂ captured from the atmosphere (direct air capture) or from industrial sources. Through Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, these combine into a synthetic crude which is hydrocracked into kerosene, naphtha and wax.
The result is a kerosene with a lifecycle GHG reduction of up to 85% compared to conventional Jet-A1 — when produced with renewable electricity and direct air capture CO₂. The carbon cycle is closed: the CO₂ emitted during combustion was captured from the atmosphere during production.
Unlike biofuel-based SAF (HEFA), which is limited by biomass feedstock availability, e-SAF scales with renewable electricity capacity — making it the only SAF pathway capable of meeting aviation's full decarbonisation needs in the long run.
